Understanding Heartburn

Heartburn is a common condition characterised by a burning sensation in the chest, typically occurring after eating or at night. It happens when stomach acid flows back into the oesophagus, causing irritation. This can result from a weak lower oesophageal sphincter (LES), obesity, smoking, certain foods and drinks, or medications.

Causes and Symptoms of Heartburn

Common triggers include spicy foods, citrus fruits, chocolate, caffeine, alcohol, and large meals. Symptoms often involve a burning feeling in the chest, a sour taste in the mouth, difficulty swallowing, and a chronic cough.

Remedies for Heartburn

There are several ways to alleviate heartburn symptoms:

1. Lifestyle Changes: Maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding trigger foods, eating smaller meals, and not lying down immediately after eating can help reduce symptoms.
2. Medications: Over-the-counter antacids can neutralise stomach acid, while H2 blockers and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can reduce acid production. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting any medication.
3. Home Remedies: Natural remedies such as ginger, chamomile tea, and baking soda in water can provide temporary relief.
4. Medical Treatments: For chronic heartburn, medical treatments such as prescription medications or surgery may be necessary. Procedures like fundoplication can strengthen the LES and prevent acid reflux.

When to Seek Medical Advice

While occasional heartburn is common, frequent or severe symptoms may indicate a more serious condition like GERD. If you experience persistent heartburn, difficulty swallowing, or unexplained weight loss, it is important to seek medical advice for proper diagnosis and treatment.